T-TET: PAPER-I // CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING ll Question Set - 4

T-TET: PAPER-I // CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING ll Question Set - 4

Question 1.

A systematic change in the mental processes that underlie all learning and performance is referred to as:

1. Moral maturation.
2. Cognitive development.
3. Social-emotional development.
4. Intellectual development.

Question 2.

According to Piagetian theory, cognitive development is influenced by all of the following EXCEPT:

1. Perception.
2. Reasoning.
3. Verbal facilities.
4. Language.

Question 3.

In Piaget’s theory of development, mental processing is considered to be constrained by two influences:

 

1. mental maturity and life opportunities.
2. physical maturation and schooling.
3. cognitive schemes and disequilibrium.
4. assimilation and accommodation.

Question 4.

When a child repeatedly taps the stuffed toy in her bed to make it play music, the child has reached which substage of the sensorimotor period?

 

1. reflex modification
2. primary circular reactions
3. secondary circular reactions
4. tertiary circular reactions

Question 5.

Which of the following advancements would be new to a child reaching the preoperational stage?

 

1. The ability to consider multiple aspects of a problem.
2. The ability to consider past and present activities.
3. The ability to experiment with circular reactions.
4. The ability to calculate probabilities.

Question 6.

According to Piaget, the middle childhood years bring a new set of skills, concrete operations, that:

1.  build on and expand development in fine and gross motor capabilities.
2. facilitate emotional development as the child resolves common cultural demands and tasks.
3. reduce anxiety in children at this stage by distorting reality to assist them in understanding.
4. provide general, abstract rules and strategies for examining and interacting with the world.

Question 7.

In contrast to the elementary school child, an adolescent who has developed formal operational thought can:

 

1. think about possible outcomes.
2. think systematically about the future.
3. imagine future consequences of her actions.
4. do all of the above.

Question 8.

According to Vygotsky, cognitive development depends on:

 

1. environmental pressure.
2. mental maturity.
3. social interactions.
4. genetics.

Question 9.

Vygotsky’s emphasizes the importance of a more experienced other who serves as a guide to provide _____ for the learner.

 

1. questioning
2. scaffolding
3. disequilibrium
4. motivation

Question 10.

The task that an individual can accomplish only with the assistance of a more experienced person represents the learners:

1. area of cognitive dissonance.
2. zone of proximal development.
3. learning opportunity.
4. point of disequilibrium.

Question 11.

Which educational psychologist would most likely submit the following personal ad? I like long conversations with one other person who allows me to learn at my peak ability. I enjoy doing the crossword puzzle with someone who is slightly better than I am so I can learn from their skills. I frequently talk aloud to myself and appreciate when others do the same. If interested in providing me with support, and being supported in return, please respond to this ad.

1. Piaget
2. Vygotsky
3. Freud
4. Skinner

Question 12.

Sammy wants to pour the milk on his cereal all by himself. When Mommy starts to pour the milk he puts his hands over the bowl and shouts, “No, ME do it!” Sammy is MOST LIKELY in Erikson’s ____ stage and is approximately ___ years old.

1. trust vs. mistrust; 3
2. initiative vs. guilt; 3
3. autonomy vs. shame and doubt; 2
4. industry vs. inferiority; 1

Question 13.

According to Erikson, successful resolution of the “identity vs. role confusion” conflict faced in adolescence leads to which of the following virtues?

1. a sense of purpose
2. feelings of competence
3. the ability to commit oneself
4. investment in future generations

Question 14.

Susan’s children are all married and living a good distance from home. Susan works as a legal secretary, and most of what she earns goes into college funds for her 2 grandchildren. Her own children lead busy lives, with friends and work activities occupying most of their time, so Susan volunteers one evening each week at the Children’s Hospital, reading bedtime stories to the young children there. Susan is BEST classified as fitting into Erikson’s ________ stage.

1.  intimacy vs. isolation
2. generatively vs. stagnation
3. integrity vs. despair
4. identity vs. role confusion

Question 15.

According to Erikson, ____ is “the ability to fuse one’s identity with someone else’s without fear you’re going to lose yourself.”

1. trust
2. identity
3. intimacy
4. post-formal thinking

Question 16.

Rachel joined the Olympic gymnastics team when she was 13. She has been a gymnast all of her life and has not considered other options. Now, at the age of 26, Rachel has severely injured her knee and can no longer compete. She finds that she doesn’t have an identity beyond that associated with gymnastics. Which of the following statements would Erikson most likely make?

1. Rachel can now resolve the crisis of identity achievement; it doesn’t matter when it happens.
2. Rachel missed her opportunity to reach identity achievement and there is little hope for her to lead a normal life.
3. Rachel can skip the stage of identify achievement and lead a normal life.
4. Rachel developed a maladaptive identity in her teens and needs to take time with a counselor to resolve the identity crisis.

Question 17.

According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological perspective, the influence of important social forces on a person who has no direct contact with them represents the:

1. microsystem.
2. mesosystem.
3. exosystem.
4. chronosystem.

Question 18.

Consider the educational trends discussed in Chapter 1. Which of Bronfenbrenner’s systems influenced incremental trends that continue to increase, such as information?

1. mesosystem
2. exosystem
3. macrosystem
4. chronosystem

Question 19.

A child has a good day at school and goes home and shares that excitement with his or her parents. This represents the influence of which system?

1. microsystem
2. mesosystem
3. exosystem
4. macrosystem

Question 20.

A child who says it is wrong to steal because she might get caught would be in Kohlberg’s ______ stage.

1. punishment and obedience orientation (stage 1)
2. instrumental hedonism (stage 2)
3. “good boy” or “good girl” morality (stage 3)
4. authority and social order maintaining morality (stage 4)

Question 21.

A teenager who begins using alcohol because all his friends are doing it is probably in Kohlberg’s _____ stage.

1. punishment and obedience orientation (stage 1)
2. instrumental hedonism (stage 2)
3. “good boy” or “good girl” morality (stage 3)
4. authority and social order maintaining morality (stage 4)

Question 22.

Critics of Kohlberg claim that his theory reflects all of the following EXCEPT:

1. a cultural bias.
2. an age bias.
3. a liberal bias.
4. a gender bias.

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T-TET: PAPER-I // CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING l Question Set - 1

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T-TET: PAPER-I // CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING l Question Set - 3

Question 23.

Recent research involving Kohlberg’s and Piaget’s theories of moral reasoning suggest that:

1. there is no relationship between the level of cognitive development and moral reasoning.
2. they underestimated children’s moral reasoning capabilities.
3. they overestimated children’s moral reasoning capabilities.
4. they focused too much attention on children’s actions in a moral situation.

Question 24.

Carol Gilligan claims that men and women score at different levels on Kohlberg’s moral dilemmas because:

1.  males operate on the basis of morality of justice and females do not.
2. Freud was right: Females are less morally mature.
3. ales are more concerned with the needs of others.
4. Males reason for real-life dilemmas while women reason about hypothetical moral issues.

Question 25.

 A major strength of the ecological theory is its framework for explaining

1. Environmental influences on development.
2. Biological influences on development.
3. Cognitive development.
4. Affective processes in development.

Question 26.

All of the following advanced principles of child development that are closely allied to the stimulus-response learning theory, except

1. Pavilov
2. J B Waston
3. Hull
4. Gesell

Question 27. 

The process whereby the genetic factors limited an individual'ss responsiveness to the environment is known as

1. Canalization.
2. Discontinuity.
3. Differentiation.
4. The range of reaction.

Question 28. 

 In order to develop the spirit of labour in students

1. The teacher himself should indulge in labour 
2. The teacher should deliver lectures on the importance of labour
3. Students should be given opportunities to do labour from time to time
4. Students should be given examples of laboring people

Question 29.

A child has been admitted to your school who belongs to a backward family/background from the cultural viewpoint. You will

1. Keep him in a class in which, there are many more students of backward background from the cultural viewpoint
2. Send a teacher to know more about the backward cultural background of the child
3. Keep him in a normal class but will make special arrangements for teaching him, keeping his special needs in view
4. Advise him to take up vocational education

Question 30. 

All of the following can be signs that a child is gifted, except

1.  Early development of a sense of time
2. Interest in encyclopedias and dictionaries
3. Uneasy relationships with peers
4. Easy retention of facts

Question 31.

If heredity is an important determinant of a specific behavior, what prediction can we make about the expression of the behavior in identical twins reared apart compared to its expression in fraternal twins reared apart?

1. Fraternal twins will express the behavior more similar than identical twins
2. There will be a little similarity in the expression of the behavior in either set of twins.
3. Identical twins will express the behavior more similarly than fraternal twins.
4. The behavior will be expressed as similarly by identical twins as it is by fraternal twins.

Question 32.

Frobel’s most important contribution to education

was his development of the

1. Vocational school
2. Public high school
3. Kindergarten
4. Latin School

Question 33.

Of the following, the main purpose of state certification of teachers is to

1. Monitor the quality of teacher training institutions
2. Provide for a uniform standard of entry-level teacher competency throughout the state
3. Exclude from the profession those not trained in pedagogy
4. Exclude from the profession those who are mentally unhealthy

Question 34.

The key difference between evolutionary and cultural change is that evolutionary change alters __________ whereas cultural change alters ____________.

1. Reproduction; environment
2. Heredity; environment
3. Environment; behavior 
4. Development; learning

Question 35.

The current view of childhood assumes that

1. Children are similar to adults in most ways
2. Children are best treated as young adults
3. Childhood is basically a "waiting period."
4. Childhood is a unique period of growth and change.

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